
23 September 2002
Groundbreaking Research Highlights Eczema Burden Among Australian Adults
More than a million adult Australians suffering from a common, life-long, inflammatory skin disease, are at risk of physical, psychological and financial pressures. This burden also extends to their carers and the community at large, according to new research released today to coincide with Eczema Awareness Week (22-28 September.)
The Atopic Eczema Health Survey - the only study of its kind among Australian adults and conducted by researchers from the Department of Dermatology at St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne - monitored the severity of disease, impact on quality of life and financial costs of treatment for 85 Victorians with atopic eczema (AE) over a one year period.
According to lead study investigator and dermatologist, Professor Robin Marks from St. Vincent's Hospital: "The survey was designed to get a clear picture of the affect of atopic eczema on individuals over time. What we now know is that atopic eczema has the potential to cause considerable distress, as well as be a financial burden for those with the condition and those caring for them."
Spending up to $2,000 managing eczema
Professor Marks said the study also shows the potential monetary costs associated with treating eczema: "Forty per cent of the study participants were using four or more products to treat their eczema. The average out-of-pocket amount spent on products per year among the study participants was $425, with costs ranging from $13.50 to more than $2,000 per individual (for those with more severe disease). On average, the participants spent $121 per annum on medical consultations, with consultation costs ranging from zero to more than $800 per individual."
National President of the Eczema Association of Australasia, Ms Heather Jacobs said this research reinforces what has long been suspected: "This common, frustrating and often debilitating skin disease can have a significant physical and emotional toll on sufferers and their carers' quality of life, while also proving costly to the public purse."
Eczema sufferers consider stress to be the main reason for their flare-ups. "Of the 66 responses from participants who said that a life event had made their atopic eczema worse, 64 per cent cited increased stress as a reason," said Professor Marks. "The weather, hormones, treatments, holidays and illness were other reasons voiced by participants for the deterioration of their skin disease."
Negative impact on quality of life
Eczema also has a negative impact on the daily lives of sufferers, and those with more severe disease experience further problems. For example, 45 per cent said their skin felt itchy, sore, painful and stinging, while 36 per cent spent more than 10 minutes applying daily treatments. Another 28 per cent said that their eczema influenced the clothes they wore, while 21 per cent said their skin disease was a source of embarrassment or made them feel self-conscious.
More than half of the participants considered Spring to be the worst season for their eczema due to the time spent (often more than 20 minutes) applying daily treatments.
Among the study participants, two in three had both a personal and family history of an atopic disorder - asthma and hayfever. Almost half were suffering from moderate eczema, while one in four had a severe form of the skin disease. At an average age of 36, the study participants were recruited from urban and rural Victorian sites between January 1999 to February 2000 and monitored for one year by the research team.
Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister, the Hon. Jackie Kelly MP, fully understands the adverse impact that eczema can have upon the quality of life of individual sufferers and their carers. With both a personal and family history of eczema, she has today accepted an invitation to become Patron of the Eczema Association of Australasia.
"I urge anyone either directly or indirectly affected by eczema to join me in helping the Eczema Association of Australasia continue to provide quality education and support to those in need," Ms Kelly said.
About eczema
Eczema is a common, recurring, non-infectious, inflammatory skin disease in which the skin becomes red, dry, itchy or scaly and may even weep, bleed or crust over. The disease varies in frequency and severity among different age groups, but often appears in childhood and disappears around six years of age. More than half of all eczema sufferers show signs of the disease within the first 12 months of life and 90 per cent of people develop eczema before the age of five.
Studies suggest that a family history plays a role in eczema, although its increasing prevalence may be triggered by exposure to environmental irritants and allergens including carpets and housing, diet, soaps, detergents and pollution. While there is no known cure for eczema, treatment can offer symptom control.
People seeking further information about how to better manage and treat eczema should consult their medical practitioner or call the Eczema Association of Australasia on 1300 300 182 or visit www.eczema.org.au.
Summary of Atopic Eczema Health Survey results
Eighty-five participants from Victoria were recruited for the Atopic Eczema Health Survey co-ordinated by researchers at St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne during January 1999 to February 2000. The results were as follows:
After being examined by a dermatologist:
- 25 per cent of participants were classified as having mild atopic eczema
- 49 per cent of participants were classified as having moderate atopic eczema
- 26 per cent of participants were classified as having severe atopic eczema.
Of the 85 participants:
- 66 per cent had both a personal and family history of asthma/hay fever
- 14 per cent had a family history only of asthma/hay fever
- 12 per cent had a personal history only of asthma / hay fever
- 8 per cent had no history of asthma / hay fever.
The number of treatment products that the participants were using when interviewed:
- Ranged from zero to seven products, with an average of three products for the group.
- 40 per cent were using four or more products.
In terms of how eczema was affecting the participants' daily activities:
- 45 per cent cited itchy, sore, painful and stinging skin
- 36 per cent spent more than 10 minutes applying daily treatments
- 28 per cent were influenced by the clothes they wore
- 21 per cent felt embarrassed or self-conscious because of their skin
- 15 per cent experienced problems with the treatments for their skin ie. making their home untidy.
Seasonal variation had a significant affect upon the participants' eczema. For instance, summer was the worst season reported by participants because it:
- Created feelings of embarrassment or self-consciousness about their skin (34 per cent)
- Caused problems at work or study (16 per cent)
- Affected social and leisure activities (15 per cent)
- Interfered with shopping trips, looking after the home or garden (13 per cent).
Spring was cited to be the worst season for the participants because of:
- Time spent applying daily treatments - between 10 to 20 or more minutes (53 per cent)
- Problems experienced with treatments eg. making the home untidy (30 per cent)
- Playing sport (11 per cent)
- The disease preventing one from working or studying (11 per cent).
In response to the question "Has something happened in your life which has made your atopic eczema worse or better than it has been?", there were:
- 34 per cent of responses "for better"
- 66 per cent of responses "for worse".
Reasons the participants gave for why they considered their atopic eczema had become better included:
- Reduction in stress (20 per cent)
- Change / commencement of treatment (14 per cent)
- Hormonal reasons (9 per cent)
- Diet (8 per cent)
- Milder weather / environment (7 per cent).
Reasons the participants gave for why they considered their atopic eczema had become worse were:
- Increased stress ( 69 per cent)
- Weather (20 per cent)
- Hormonal reasons (12 per cent)
- Treatment (9 per cent)
- Holidays (7 per cent)
- Poor health / illness (7 per cent).
Participants who returned completed diaries charting their eczema flare-ups and treatment outcomes showed that:
- The average out-of-pocket amount spent on products over 12 months was $425
- Costs ranged from $13.50 to more than $2,000 per individual on treatments annually.
- The average out-of-pocket amount spent on medical consultations was $121
- Consultation costs ranged from zero to more than $800 per individual each year.
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